Youth and Sleep Quality: Association between Poor Sleep Quality and Depression among Senior High School Students in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Poor Sleep Quality (PSQ) is one of the increasing public health problems and adolescents also constitute risk groups. The aims of this study were to explore the prevalence of PSQ and to examine the association between PSQ and depression among adolescents who studied in grades 10 through 12 in high schools. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ratchaburi Province. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to enroll 777 adolescents from 8 schools from August-October 2016. The research instruments comprised demographic factors, the questionnaire of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the center for epidemiological studies depression scale. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Results: Prevalence of PSQ was 56.24%. The study samples were mostly 16-17 years old (67.82%) and females (70.39%). Multivariable logistic regression, after controlling for possible confounders showed that depression increased the risk of PSQ by a factor of 2.48 times (OR_adj=2.48, 95% CI=1.70-3.63). Conclusion: The surveillance system of depression and PSQ should be conducted accompanied with knowledge sharing on depression and associated factors among parents, teachers and adolescents. School activities should include a program for adolescents’ stress management and conflict resolving skills. PSQ is recommended as one of the surveillance factors to prevent depression among adolescents.