Concomitant infection with Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient: A rare association

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, a microorganism that usually affects skin and nerves. Although it is well‑controlled by multidrug therapy but the disease may be aggravated by acute inflammatory reaction that causes permanent tissue damage, particularly to peripheral nerves. Cutaneous tuberculosis (CT) is a variant of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Both mycobacterial infections are endemic in developing countries like India, but the simultaneous occurrence of CT and leprosy is very rarely reported. Here, we are reporting a case of borderline lepromatous leprosy and CT (lupus vulgaris) co‑infection in an immunocompetent patient, diagnosed simultaneously and managed accordingly.